diff --git a/.env.example b/.env.example
index 579a880b4..6cb409a82 100644
--- a/.env.example
+++ b/.env.example
@@ -349,6 +349,9 @@ TINYMCE_API_KEY=
 TMUX_USE_POWERLINE=true
 TMUX_USE_NERD_FONTS=true
 TMUX_TERMINAL=tmux-256color
+# Main monitor loop delay and slow-statistics refresh interval, in seconds.
+TMUX_MONITOR_DELAY=10
+TMUX_REFRESH_INTERVAL=60
 
 # ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 # Docker / Sail
diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/TmuxMonitor.php b/app/Console/Commands/TmuxMonitor.php
index 9d0480028..ed476480a 100644
--- a/app/Console/Commands/TmuxMonitor.php
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/TmuxMonitor.php
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class TmuxMonitor extends Command
 
                 // Increment iteration and sleep
                 $this->monitor->incrementIteration();
-                sleep(10);
+                sleep(max(1, (int) config('tmux.monitor.delay', 10)));
             }
 
             $this->info('🛑 Monitor stopped by exit flag');
diff --git a/app/Services/AdditionalProcessing/AdditionalCandidateQuery.php b/app/Services/AdditionalProcessing/AdditionalCandidateQuery.php
index 3db5e8044..b2a3791ce 100644
--- a/app/Services/AdditionalProcessing/AdditionalCandidateQuery.php
+++ b/app/Services/AdditionalProcessing/AdditionalCandidateQuery.php
@@ -235,14 +235,25 @@ final class AdditionalCandidateQuery
      */
     public static function backlogCounts(): array
     {
-        $counts = ['total' => 0, 'available' => 0];
+        $query = self::baseBuilder(includeClaimed: true)
+            ->selectRaw('COUNT(*) AS total_count');
 
-        foreach (self::bucketBacklog() as $backlog) {
-            $counts['total'] += $backlog['total'];
-            $counts['available'] += $backlog['available'];
+        if (self::supportsClaims()) {
+            $query->selectRaw(
+                'SUM(CASE WHEN r.'.self::CLAIMED_AT_COLUMN.' IS NULL OR r.'.self::CLAIMED_AT_COLUMN.' < ? THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS available_count',
+                [self::claimStaleBefore()],
+            );
+        } else {
+            $query->selectRaw('COUNT(*) AS available_count');
         }
 
-        return $counts;
+        /** @var object{total_count: int|string|null, available_count: int|string|null}|null $counts */
+        $counts = $query->toBase()->first();
+
+        return [
+            'total' => (int) ($counts->total_count ?? 0),
+            'available' => (int) ($counts->available_count ?? 0),
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/Services/Tmux/Tmux.php b/app/Services/Tmux/Tmux.php
index 9e7bbe231..cee954440 100644
--- a/app/Services/Tmux/Tmux.php
+++ b/app/Services/Tmux/Tmux.php
@@ -49,53 +49,51 @@ class Tmux
         return $runVar['connections'];
     }
 
-    public function getUSPConnections(string $which, mixed $connections): mixed
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $connections
+     * @return array<string, array{active: int, total: int}>
+     */
+    public function getUSPConnections(string $which, array $connections, ?string $socketSnapshot = null): array
     {
-        switch ($which) {
-            case 'alternate':
-                $ip = 'ip_a';
-                $port = 'port_a';
-                break;
-            case 'primary':
-            default:
-                $ip = 'ip';
-                $port = 'port';
-                break;
+        [$ipKey, $portKey] = $which === 'alternate'
+            ? ['ip_a', 'port_a']
+            : ['ip', 'port'];
+
+        $ip = (string) ($connections[$ipKey] ?? '');
+        $port = (string) ($connections[$portKey] ?? '');
+        $needles = array_values(array_filter([
+            $ip !== '' && $port !== '' ? $ip.':'.$port : null,
+            $ip !== '' ? $ip.':https' : null,
+            $port !== '' ? $port : null,
+            $ip !== '' ? $ip : null,
+        ]));
+        $lines = preg_split('/\R/', $socketSnapshot ?? $this->getSocketSnapshot()) ?: [];
+
+        foreach ($needles as $needle) {
+            $matchingLines = array_filter(
+                $lines,
+                static fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, $needle),
+            );
+
+            if ($matchingLines !== []) {
+                return [
+                    $which => [
+                        'active' => count(array_filter(
+                            $matchingLines,
+                            static fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'ESTAB'),
+                        )),
+                        'total' => count($matchingLines),
+                    ],
+                ];
+            }
         }
 
-        // Initialize result structure
-        $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] = '0';
-        $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] = '0';
+        return [$which => ['active' => 0, 'total' => 0]];
+    }
 
-        // 1) Try exact host:port
-        if (! empty($connections[$ip]) && ! empty($connections[$port])) {
-            $needle = escapeshellarg($connections[$ip].':'.$connections[$port]);
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -- $needle | grep -c -- ESTAB")) ?: '0';
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -c -- $needle")) ?: '0';
-        }
-
-        // 2) Fallback to host:https
-        if ((int) $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] === 0 && (int) $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] === 0 && ! empty($connections[$ip])) {
-            $needleHttps = escapeshellarg($connections[$ip].':https');
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -- $needleHttps | grep -c -- ESTAB")) ?: '0';
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -c -- $needleHttps")) ?: '0';
-        }
-
-        // 3) Fallback to port only
-        if ((int) $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] === 0 && (int) $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] === 0 && ! empty($connections[$port])) {
-            $needlePort = escapeshellarg((string) $connections[$port]);
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -- $needlePort | grep -c -- ESTAB")) ?: '0';
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -c -- $needlePort")) ?: '0';
-        }
-
-        // 4) Fallback to host only
-        if ((int) $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] === 0 && (int) $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] === 0 && ! empty($connections[$ip])) {
-            $needleIp = escapeshellarg($connections[$ip]);
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['active'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -- $needleIp | grep -c -- ESTAB")) ?: '0';
-            $runVar['conncounts'][$which]['total'] = str_replace("\n", '', shell_exec("ss -n 2>/dev/null | grep -c -- $needleIp")) ?: '0';
-        }
-
-        return $runVar['conncounts'];
+    public function getSocketSnapshot(): string
+    {
+        return (string) shell_exec('ss -nH 2>/dev/null');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -377,10 +375,6 @@ class Tmux
                     "
 					SELECT
 					(SELECT TABLE_ROWS FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE table_name = 'predb' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = %1\$s) AS predb,
-					(SELECT TABLE_ROWS FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE table_name = 'missed_parts' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = %1\$s) AS missed_parts_table,
-					(SELECT TABLE_ROWS FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE table_name = 'parts' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = %1\$s) AS parts_table,
-					(SELECT TABLE_ROWS FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE table_name = 'binaries' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = %1\$s) AS binaries_table,
-					(SELECT TABLE_ROWS FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE table_name = 'collections' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = %1\$s) AS releases,
 					(SELECT COUNT(id) FROM usenet_groups WHERE first_record IS NOT NULL AND backfill = 1
 						AND (now() - INTERVAL backfill_target DAY) < first_record_postdate
 					) AS backfill_groups_days,
@@ -449,7 +443,7 @@ class Tmux
     {
         return DB::select(
             "
-			SELECT TABLE_NAME AS name
+			SELECT TABLE_NAME AS name, TABLE_ROWS AS row_count
       		FROM information_schema.TABLES
       		WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = (SELECT DATABASE())
 			AND TABLE_NAME REGEXP {escapeString('^(multigroup_)?(collections|binaries|parts|missed_parts)(_[0-9]+)?$')}
diff --git a/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxMonitorService.php b/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxMonitorService.php
index bea3cd6d5..df7ac4671 100644
--- a/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxMonitorService.php
+++ b/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxMonitorService.php
@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
 
     protected bool $shouldContinue = true;
 
+    protected float $lastOperationalRefreshAt = 0.0;
+
+    protected float $lastSlowRefreshAt = 0.0;
+
     public function __construct()
     {
         $this->tmux = new Tmux;
@@ -124,46 +128,52 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
      */
     public function collectStatistics(): array
     {
-        // Refresh settings periodically
-        $monitorDelay = (int) ($this->runVar['settings']['monitor'] ?? 60);
-        $timeSinceLastRefresh = time() - ($this->runVar['timers']['timer2'] ?? 0);
+        $now = microtime(true);
+        $monitorDelay = max(1, (int) ($this->runVar['settings']['monitor'] ?? 60));
+        $slowRefreshDelay = max($monitorDelay, (int) config('tmux.monitor.refresh_interval', 60));
+        $statisticsChanged = false;
 
-        if ($this->iterations === 1 || $timeSinceLastRefresh >= $monitorDelay) {
-            $this->refreshStatistics();
-            $this->runVar['timers']['timer2'] = time();
+        if ($this->refreshIsDue($this->lastOperationalRefreshAt, $monitorDelay, $now)) {
+            $this->refreshOperationalStatistics();
+            $this->lastOperationalRefreshAt = $now;
+            $this->runVar['timers']['timer2'] = (int) $now;
+            $statisticsChanged = true;
         }
 
-        // Update connection counts
-        $this->updateConnectionCounts();
+        if ($this->refreshIsDue($this->lastSlowRefreshAt, $slowRefreshDelay, $now)) {
+            $this->refreshSlowStatistics();
+            $this->lastSlowRefreshAt = $now;
+            $statisticsChanged = true;
+        }
 
-        // Set killswitches
+        if ($statisticsChanged) {
+            $this->calculateStatistics();
+        }
+
+        $this->updateConnectionCounts();
         $this->setKillswitches();
 
         return $this->runVar;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Refresh all statistics from database
-     */
-    protected function refreshStatistics(): void
+    protected function refreshOperationalStatistics(): void
     {
-        $timer = time();
-
-        // Refresh settings
+        $timer = microtime(true);
         $this->runVar['settings'] = $this->tmux->getMonitorSettings();
-        $this->runVar['timers']['query']['tmux_time'] = time() - $timer;
+        $this->runVar['timers']['query']['tmux_time'] = microtime(true) - $timer;
 
-        // Get category counts
-        $this->getCategoryCounts();
-
-        // Get process counts
         $this->getProcessCounts();
+    }
 
-        // Get table counts
+    protected function refreshSlowStatistics(): void
+    {
+        $this->getCategoryCounts();
         $this->getTableCounts();
+    }
 
-        // Calculate diffs and percentages
-        $this->calculateStatistics();
+    protected function refreshIsDue(float $lastRefreshAt, int $interval, float $now): bool
+    {
+        return $lastRefreshAt === 0.0 || ($now - $lastRefreshAt) >= $interval;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -171,41 +181,46 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
      */
     protected function getCategoryCounts(): void
     {
-        $timer = time();
+        $timer = microtime(true);
+        $bindings = [];
+        $aggregates = [];
 
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['tv'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::TV_ROOT, Category::TV_OTHER])
-            ->count('id');
+        foreach ($this->categoryRanges() as $name => [$minimum, $maximum]) {
+            $aggregates[] = "SUM(CASE WHEN categories_id BETWEEN ? AND ? THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS {$name}";
+            $bindings[] = $minimum;
+            $bindings[] = $maximum;
+        }
 
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['movies'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::MOVIE_ROOT, Category::MOVIE_OTHER])
-            ->count('id');
+        try {
+            $counts = Release::query()->selectRaw(implode(', ', $aggregates), $bindings)->first();
 
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['audio'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::MUSIC_ROOT, Category::MUSIC_OTHER])
-            ->count('id');
+            if ($counts !== null) {
+                foreach (array_keys($this->categoryRanges()) as $name) {
+                    $this->runVar['counts']['now'][$name] = (int) $counts->getAttribute($name);
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            logger()->error('Error collecting category counts: '.$e->getMessage());
+        }
 
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['books'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::BOOKS_ROOT, Category::BOOKS_UNKNOWN])
-            ->count('id');
+        $this->runVar['timers']['query']['init_time'] = microtime(true) - $timer;
+    }
 
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['console'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::GAME_ROOT, Category::GAME_OTHER])
-            ->count('id');
-
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['pc'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::PC_ROOT, Category::PC_PHONE_ANDROID])
-            ->count('id');
-
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['xxx'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::XXX_ROOT, Category::XXX_OTHER])
-            ->count('id');
-
-        $this->runVar['counts']['now']['misc'] = Release::query()
-            ->whereBetween('categories_id', [Category::OTHER_ROOT, Category::OTHER_HASHED])
-            ->count('id');
-
-        $this->runVar['timers']['query']['init_time'] = time() - $timer;
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, array{int, int}>
+     */
+    protected function categoryRanges(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'tv' => [Category::TV_ROOT, Category::TV_OTHER],
+            'movies' => [Category::MOVIE_ROOT, Category::MOVIE_OTHER],
+            'audio' => [Category::MUSIC_ROOT, Category::MUSIC_OTHER],
+            'books' => [Category::BOOKS_ROOT, Category::BOOKS_UNKNOWN],
+            'console' => [Category::GAME_ROOT, Category::GAME_OTHER],
+            'pc' => [Category::PC_ROOT, Category::PC_PHONE_ANDROID],
+            'xxx' => [Category::XXX_ROOT, Category::XXX_OTHER],
+            'misc' => [Category::OTHER_ROOT, Category::OTHER_HASHED],
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -213,7 +228,7 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
      */
     protected function getProcessCounts(): void
     {
-        $timer = time();
+        $timer = microtime(true);
         $this->runVar['counts']['now']['work'] = $this->runVar['counts']['now']['work'] ?? 0;
         $this->runVar['counts']['now']['work_available'] = $this->runVar['counts']['now']['work_available'] ?? 0;
 
@@ -229,10 +244,10 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
                 }
             }
 
-            $this->runVar['timers']['query']['proc1_time'] = time() - $timer;
+            $this->runVar['timers']['query']['proc1_time'] = microtime(true) - $timer;
 
             // Process 2
-            $timer2 = time();
+            $timer2 = microtime(true);
             $maxSize = $this->runVar['settings']['maxsize_pp'] ?? '';
             $minSize = $this->runVar['settings']['minsize_pp'] ?? '';
 
@@ -253,7 +268,7 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
             $this->runVar['counts']['now']['work'] = $additionalBacklog['total'];
             $this->runVar['counts']['now']['work_available'] = $additionalBacklog['available'];
 
-            $this->runVar['timers']['query']['proc2_time'] = time() - $timer2;
+            $this->runVar['timers']['query']['proc2_time'] = microtime(true) - $timer2;
 
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
             logger()->error('Error collecting process counts: '.$e->getMessage());
@@ -265,77 +280,65 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
      */
     protected function getTableCounts(): void
     {
-        $timer = time();
+        $timer = microtime(true);
 
         try {
             $this->runVar['counts']['now']['collections_table'] = Collection::query()->count();
+            $this->runVar['counts']['now']['releases'] = Release::query()->count();
 
-            // Get binaries/parts counts from information_schema or use approximation
-            $dbName = config('nntmux.db_name');
-            $tables = $this->tmux->cbpmTableQuery();
-
-            $this->runVar['counts']['now']['binaries_table'] = 0;
-            $this->runVar['counts']['now']['parts_table'] = 0;
-            $this->runVar['counts']['now']['missed_parts_table'] = 0;
-
-            foreach ($tables as $table) {
-                $tableName = $table->name;
-                $count = $this->getTableRowCount($tableName);
-
-                if (str_contains($tableName, 'binaries')) {
-                    $this->runVar['counts']['now']['binaries_table'] += $count;
-                } elseif (str_contains($tableName, 'missed_parts')) {
-                    $this->runVar['counts']['now']['missed_parts_table'] += $count;
-                } elseif (str_contains($tableName, 'parts')) {
-                    $this->runVar['counts']['now']['parts_table'] += $count;
-                }
+            foreach ($this->aggregateTableRowEstimates($this->tmux->cbpmTableQuery()) as $key => $count) {
+                $this->runVar['counts']['now'][$key] = $count;
             }
 
-            $this->runVar['timers']['query']['tpg_time'] = time() - $timer;
+            $this->runVar['timers']['query']['tpg_time'] = microtime(true) - $timer;
 
-            // Get additional table counts (query 4)
-            $timer4 = time();
-            $proc4Query = $this->tmux->proc_query(4, $dbName, '');
-            $proc4Result = DB::selectOne($proc4Query);
+            foreach ([4, 6] as $queryNumber) {
+                $result = DB::selectOne($this->tmux->proc_query($queryNumber, (string) config('nntmux.db_name'), ''));
+                if ($result === null) {
+                    continue;
+                }
 
-            if ($proc4Result) {
-                foreach ((array) $proc4Result as $key => $value) {
-                    $this->runVar['counts']['now'][$key] = $value;
+                $target = $queryNumber === 4 ? 'counts' : 'timers';
+                $section = $queryNumber === 4 ? 'now' : 'newOld';
+                foreach ((array) $result as $key => $value) {
+                    $this->runVar[$target][$section][$key] = $value;
                 }
             }
-
-            // Get newest/oldest data (query 6)
-            $timer6 = time();
-            $proc6Query = $this->tmux->proc_query(6, $dbName, '');
-            $proc6Result = DB::selectOne($proc6Query);
-
-            if ($proc6Result) {
-                foreach ((array) $proc6Result as $key => $value) {
-                    $this->runVar['timers']['newOld'][$key] = $value;
-                }
-            }
-
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
             logger()->error('Error collecting table counts: '.$e->getMessage());
         }
     }
 
     /**
-     * Get row count for a table
+     * @param  array<array-key, mixed>  $tables
+     * @return array{binaries_table: int, parts_table: int, missed_parts_table: int}
      */
-    protected function getTableRowCount(string $tableName): int
+    protected function aggregateTableRowEstimates(array $tables): array
     {
-        try {
-            $result = DB::selectOne(
-                'SELECT TABLE_ROWS AS count FROM information_schema.TABLES
-                 WHERE TABLE_NAME = ? AND TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE()',
-                [$tableName]
-            );
+        $counts = [
+            'binaries_table' => 0,
+            'parts_table' => 0,
+            'missed_parts_table' => 0,
+        ];
 
-            return (int) ($result->count ?? 0);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            return 0;
+        foreach ($tables as $table) {
+            if (! is_object($table)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $tableName = (string) ($table->name ?? '');
+            $count = (int) ($table->row_count ?? 0);
+
+            if (str_contains($tableName, 'binaries')) {
+                $counts['binaries_table'] += $count;
+            } elseif (str_contains($tableName, 'missed_parts')) {
+                $counts['missed_parts_table'] += $count;
+            } elseif (str_contains($tableName, 'parts')) {
+                $counts['parts_table'] += $count;
+            }
         }
+
+        return $counts;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -485,15 +488,18 @@ class TmuxMonitorService
      */
     protected function updateConnectionCounts(): void
     {
+        $socketSnapshot = $this->tmux->getSocketSnapshot();
         $this->runVar['conncounts'] = $this->tmux->getUSPConnections(
             'primary',
-            $this->runVar['connections']
+            $this->runVar['connections'],
+            $socketSnapshot,
         );
 
         if ((int) ($this->runVar['constants']['alternate_nntp'] ?? 0) === 1) {
             $alternateConns = $this->tmux->getUSPConnections(
                 'alternate',
-                $this->runVar['connections']
+                $this->runVar['connections'],
+                $socketSnapshot,
             );
             $this->runVar['conncounts'] = array_merge($this->runVar['conncounts'], $alternateConns);
         }
diff --git a/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxOutput.php b/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxOutput.php
index 8e0285dc0..d5c4bfa7d 100644
--- a/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxOutput.php
+++ b/app/Services/Tmux/TmuxOutput.php
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ class TmuxOutput extends Tmux
 
     private mixed $tmpMasks;
 
+    private ?string $gitVersion = null;
+
+    private ?string $gitBranch = null;
+
     /**
      * TmuxOutput constructor.
      *
@@ -112,8 +116,11 @@ class TmuxOutput extends Tmux
     {
         $buffer = '';
         $state = ((int) $this->runVar['settings']['is_running'] === 1) ? 'Running' : 'Disabled';
-        $version = str_replace(["\n", "\r"], '', Process::run('git describe --tags')->output());
-        $branch = str_replace(["\n", "\r"], '', Process::run('git branch --show-current')->output());
+        $this->gitVersion ??= trim(Process::run('git describe --tags')->output());
+        $this->gitBranch ??= trim(Process::run('git branch --show-current')->output());
+
+        $version = $this->gitVersion;
+        $branch = $this->gitBranch;
 
         $buffer .= sprintf(
             $this->tmpMasks[2],
@@ -395,52 +402,34 @@ class TmuxOutput extends Tmux
 
     protected function _getPaths(): string
     {
-        $buffer = '';
+        $paths = array_values(array_unique(array_filter([
+            $this->runVar['settings']['monitor_path'] ?? null,
+            $this->runVar['settings']['monitor_path_a'] ?? null,
+            $this->runVar['settings']['monitor_path_b'] ?? null,
+        ], static fn (mixed $path): bool => is_string($path) && $path !== '' && file_exists($path))));
 
-        // assign timers from tmux table
-        $monitor_path = $this->runVar['settings']['monitor_path'];
-        $monitor_path_a = $this->runVar['settings']['monitor_path_a'];
-        $monitor_path_b = $this->runVar['settings']['monitor_path_b'];
+        if ($paths === []) {
+            return PHP_EOL;
+        }
 
-        if (($monitor_path !== null && file_exists($monitor_path))
-            || ($monitor_path_a !== null && file_exists($monitor_path_a))
-            || ($monitor_path_b !== null && file_exists($monitor_path_b))) {
-            $buffer .= "\n";
-            $buffer .= sprintf($this->tmpMasks[3], 'File System', 'Used', 'Free');
-            $buffer .= $this->_getSeparator();
+        $buffer = PHP_EOL;
+        $buffer .= sprintf($this->tmpMasks[3], 'File System', 'Used', 'Free');
+        $buffer .= $this->_getSeparator();
 
-            if (! empty($monitor_path) && file_exists($monitor_path)) {
-                $disk_use = $this->decodeSize(disk_total_space($monitor_path) - disk_free_space($monitor_path));
-                $disk_free = $this->decodeSize(disk_free_space($monitor_path));
-                if (basename($monitor_path) === '') {
-                    $show = '/';
-                } else {
-                    $show = basename($monitor_path);
-                }
-                $buffer .= sprintf($this->tmpMasks[4], $show, $disk_use, $disk_free);
+        foreach ($paths as $path) {
+            $total = disk_total_space($path);
+            $free = disk_free_space($path);
+            if ($total === false || $free === false) {
+                continue;
             }
 
-            if (! empty($monitor_path_a) && file_exists($monitor_path_a)) {
-                $disk_use = $this->decodeSize(disk_total_space($monitor_path_a) - disk_free_space($monitor_path_a));
-                $disk_free = $this->decodeSize(disk_free_space($monitor_path_a));
-                if (basename($monitor_path_a) === '') {
-                    $show = '/';
-                } else {
-                    $show = basename($monitor_path_a);
-                }
-                $buffer .= sprintf($this->tmpMasks[4], $show, $disk_use, $disk_free);
-            }
-
-            if (! empty($monitor_path_b) && file_exists($monitor_path_b)) {
-                $disk_use = $this->decodeSize(disk_total_space($monitor_path_b) - disk_free_space($monitor_path_b));
-                $disk_free = $this->decodeSize(disk_free_space($monitor_path_b));
-                if (basename($monitor_path_b) === '') {
-                    $show = '/';
-                } else {
-                    $show = basename($monitor_path_b);
-                }
-                $buffer .= sprintf($this->tmpMasks[4], $show, $disk_use, $disk_free);
-            }
+            $name = basename($path) ?: '/';
+            $buffer .= sprintf(
+                $this->tmpMasks[4],
+                $name,
+                $this->decodeSize($total - $free),
+                $this->decodeSize($free),
+            );
         }
 
         return $buffer.PHP_EOL;
@@ -455,7 +444,7 @@ class TmuxOutput extends Tmux
             $this->tmpMasks[4],
             'Combined',
             sprintf(
-                '%d %d %d %d %d %d %d',
+                '%.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f',
                 $this->runVar['timers']['query']['tmux_time'],
                 $this->runVar['timers']['query']['split_time'],
                 $this->runVar['timers']['query']['init_time'],
@@ -465,7 +454,7 @@ class TmuxOutput extends Tmux
                 $this->runVar['timers']['query']['tpg_time']
             ),
             sprintf(
-                '%d %d %d %d %d %d %d',
+                '%.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f',
                 $this->runVar['timers']['query']['tmux_time'],
                 $this->runVar['timers']['query']['split1_time'],
                 $this->runVar['timers']['query']['init1_time'],
diff --git a/tests/Unit/TmuxMonitorServiceTest.php b/tests/Unit/TmuxMonitorServiceTest.php
index c20476bef..5bf9e6e8b 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/TmuxMonitorServiceTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/TmuxMonitorServiceTest.php
@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace Tests\Unit;
 
+use App\Services\Tmux\Tmux;
 use App\Services\Tmux\TmuxMonitorService;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 use ReflectionClass;
 use ReflectionMethod;
@@ -47,4 +49,74 @@ class TmuxMonitorServiceTest extends TestCase
         $this->assertSame('0', $updatedRunVar['counts']['diff']['work_available']);
         $this->assertSame(2, $updatedRunVar['counts']['now']['total_work']);
     }
+
+    #[DataProvider('refreshScheduleProvider')]
+    public function test_refresh_schedule(float $lastRefreshAt, int $interval, float $now, bool $expected): void
+    {
+        $reflection = new ReflectionClass(TmuxMonitorService::class);
+        $monitor = $reflection->newInstanceWithoutConstructor();
+        $refreshIsDue = new ReflectionMethod(TmuxMonitorService::class, 'refreshIsDue');
+
+        $this->assertSame($expected, $refreshIsDue->invoke($monitor, $lastRefreshAt, $interval, $now));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, array{float, int, float, bool}>
+     */
+    public static function refreshScheduleProvider(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'first refresh' => [0.0, 60, 100.0, true],
+            'before interval' => [100.0, 60, 159.999, false],
+            'at interval' => [100.0, 60, 160.0, true],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function test_collection_table_estimates_do_not_contribute_to_release_total(): void
+    {
+        $reflection = new ReflectionClass(TmuxMonitorService::class);
+        $monitor = $reflection->newInstanceWithoutConstructor();
+        $aggregate = new ReflectionMethod(TmuxMonitorService::class, 'aggregateTableRowEstimates');
+
+        $counts = $aggregate->invoke($monitor, [
+            (object) ['name' => 'collections', 'row_count' => 242650],
+            (object) ['name' => 'binaries', 'row_count' => 120],
+            (object) ['name' => 'multigroup_parts_1', 'row_count' => 80],
+            (object) ['name' => 'missed_parts', 'row_count' => 5],
+        ]);
+
+        $this->assertSame([
+            'binaries_table' => 120,
+            'parts_table' => 80,
+            'missed_parts_table' => 5,
+        ], $counts);
+        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey('releases', $counts);
+    }
+
+    public function test_connection_counts_are_derived_from_one_socket_snapshot(): void
+    {
+        $reflection = new ReflectionClass(Tmux::class);
+        /** @var Tmux $tmux */
+        $tmux = $reflection->newInstanceWithoutConstructor();
+        $snapshot = implode("\n", [
+            'ESTAB 0 0 10.0.0.2:40000 192.0.2.10:119',
+            'CLOSE-WAIT 0 0 10.0.0.2:40001 192.0.2.10:119',
+            'ESTAB 0 0 10.0.0.2:40002 192.0.2.20:563',
+        ]);
+        $connections = [
+            'ip' => '192.0.2.10',
+            'port' => 119,
+            'ip_a' => '192.0.2.20',
+            'port_a' => 563,
+        ];
+
+        $this->assertSame(
+            ['primary' => ['active' => 1, 'total' => 2]],
+            $tmux->getUSPConnections('primary', $connections, $snapshot),
+        );
+        $this->assertSame(
+            ['alternate' => ['active' => 1, 'total' => 1]],
+            $tmux->getUSPConnections('alternate', $connections, $snapshot),
+        );
+    }
 }